SpaceOAR in Radiotherapy

Q1: What is SpaceOAR in cancer treatment?
SpaceOAR (Spacing Organs at Risk) is a medical device used in cancer treatment, particularly for prostate cancer, to protect surrounding healthy tissues from the effects of radiation therapy. It involves injecting a gel-like substance between the prostate and the rectum to create a temporary space. This space reduces the amount of radiation that reaches the rectum, lowering the risk of side effects and damage to this critical organ during prostate cancer treatment.

Q2: How does SpaceOAR work in prostate cancer treatment?
SpaceOAR works by physically separating the prostate from the rectum with a soft, absorbable gel. During radiation therapy for prostate cancer, this separation reduces the dose of radiation that the rectum receives. By minimizing radiation exposure to the rectum, SpaceOAR helps prevent potential side effects such as rectal pain, bleeding, and bowel issues. The gel remains in place throughout the course of radiation therapy and is gradually absorbed by the body over time.

Q3: Why is SpaceOAR used in radiation therapy for prostate cancer?
SpaceOAR is used to enhance the safety and effectiveness of radiation therapy for prostate cancer by:

• Protecting the rectum: The gel creates a buffer that reduces the risk of radiation-induced damage to the rectum, a common concern during prostate cancer treatment.
• Reducing side effects: By limiting radiation exposure to the rectum, SpaceOAR can help reduce the severity and frequency of side effects such as rectal pain, diarrhea, and bowel dysfunction.
• Allowing higher radiation doses: With SpaceOAR, doctors can safely deliver higher doses of radiation to the prostate, potentially improving treatment outcomes while minimizing risks to healthy tissues.

Q4: What should I expect during the SpaceOAR procedure?
The SpaceOAR procedure is a minimally invasive outpatient procedure that typically involves the following steps:

• Preparation: You will receive local anesthesia to numb the area around the prostate. Some patients may also receive mild sedation to help them relax.
• Injection: The doctor uses a needle to inject the SpaceOAR gel between the prostate and the rectum. The procedure is guided by ultrasound imaging to ensure accurate placement.
• Completion: The procedure usually takes about 30 minutes. Afterward, you can typically go home the same day.

The gel creates an immediate separation between the prostate and rectum, which remains in place throughout the duration of your radiation therapy.

Q5: How long does the SpaceOAR gel last?
The SpaceOAR gel remains in place for the entire course of radiation therapy, typically about three months. After treatment, the gel is gradually absorbed by the body and eliminated naturally, with no need for removal.

Q6: Are there any risks or side effects associated with SpaceOAR?
SpaceOAR is generally safe, but like any medical procedure, there are some potential risks and side effects, including:

• Temporary discomfort: Some patients may experience mild pain or discomfort at the injection site.
• Bleeding or infection: There is a small risk of bleeding or infection, as with any injection-based procedure.
• Allergic reaction: Though rare, there is a possibility of an allergic reaction to the gel.

Your healthcare team will monitor you closely during and after the procedure to manage any side effects and ensure a smooth recovery.

Q7: How do I know if SpaceOAR is the right option for me?
Whether SpaceOAR is suitable for you depends on several factors, including the size and location of your prostate tumor, the planned radiation dose, and your overall health. SpaceOAR is often recommended for patients undergoing radiation therapy for prostate cancer who want to minimize the risk of rectal side effects. Your radiation oncologist will evaluate your specific situation and discuss whether SpaceOAR is a good option for you.

Q8: What are the benefits of SpaceOAR for patients?
The benefits of SpaceOAR include:

• Improved protection: Reduced radiation exposure to the rectum lowers the risk of side effects and enhances overall safety.
• Better quality of life: By minimizing side effects, SpaceOAR can help maintain a better quality of life during and after treatment.
• No long-term impact: The gel is completely absorbed by the body over time, leaving no permanent changes.

If you have more questions about SpaceOAR or are considering it as part of your cancer treatment, talk to your Radiation Oncologist to help you decide if SpaceOAR is the right option for you.